sauf que, si elle n'a pas d'equivalent Fr, elle n'a pris ce nom qu'en 1969.
Après la révolution hippie (satané Hendrix).
Peu importe la date à laquelle cette agence a pris son nom actuel (elle a été fondé en 1789), ce qui compte c'est que la traduction : Travailler comme maréchal est parfaitement ridicule dans le contexte.
Travailler comme maréchal pour faire respecter la justice n'a aucun sens !
Donc soit c'est : Travailler comme marshal (même si cela fait Western Spaghetti), soit il faut supprimer ce job...
Avant, du temps du far west donc (ce qui nous interesse ici) le mot marshal n'était même pas employé, n'en déplaise aux amateurs de western-spaghettis.
plus d'infos :
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_Marshals_Service
Quant au fait que ce terme était ou pas utilisé au XIXème siècle dans l'ouest, on peut trouver une réponse ici :
http://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_Marshals_Service
"
Historiques
Au XIXe siècle, à l'époque de l'Ouest américain, les marshals (les prévôts) étaient nommés ou élus selon les cas pour assurer les fonctions de police dans les petites villes, avec un rôle comparable à celui du shérif. Les Marshals fédéraux quant à eux intervenaient sur des secteurs plus étendus dans les territoires pionniers. Ils avaient pour tâche entre autres de garder les pistes et les voies de chemin de fer.
Parmi les Marshals les plus célèbres :
* Frank Dalton
* Frederick Douglass
* Wyatt Earp
* Bat Masterson"
Ces personnages me semblent pourtant bien faire partie de légende de l'ouest...
Et quant à citer un article, il est bien d'en avoir lu le début mais il aurait été mieux d'en lire l'intégralité :
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_Marshals_Service
"
History
The U.S. Marshals Service is the oldest law enforcement agency of the federal government in the United States. The Marshals Service itself, as a federal agency, was not created until 1969. It succeeded the Executive Office for United States Marshals, itself created in 1965 as "the first organization to supervise U.S. Marshals nationwide."[2][4]
However, the office of U.S. Marshal for each judicial district is much older, as old as the federal courts themselves. The office was created by the first U.S. Congress in the Judiciary Act of 1789. Although the Act did not say that the U.S. Marshal was a "law enforcement officer" or a "peace officer," the Act did specify that the U.S. Marshal's primary duty was to execute "all lawful precepts directed to him, and issued under the authority of the United States."[5] The U.S. Marshal for the district served a term of four years but could be removed at pleasure and had the power to appoint deputies, who could be removed by the federal court they served. The U.S. Marshal could also "command all necessary assistance in the execution of his duty."[5]
...
When Washington set up his first administration and the first Congress began passing laws, both quickly discovered an inconvenient gap in the constitutional design of the government: It had no provision for a regional administrative structure stretching throughout the country. Both the Congress and the executive branch were housed at the national capital; no agency was established or designated to represent the federal government's interests at the local level. The need for a regional organization quickly became apparent. Congress and the President solved part of the problem by creating specialized agencies, such as customs and revenue collectors, to levy tariffs and taxes, yet there were numerous other jobs that needed to be done. The only officers available to do them were the Marshals and their Deputies.
Deputy U.S. Marshal Morgan Earp in an 1881 photograph
Thus, the Marshals also provided local representation for the federal government within their districts. They took the national census every decade through 1870. They distributed Presidential proclamations, collected a variety of statistical information on commerce and manufacturing, supplied the names of government employees for the national register, and performed other routine tasks needed for the central government to function effectively. Over the past 200 years, Congress, the President and Governors have also called on the Marshals to carry out unusual or extraordinary missions, such as registering enemy aliens in time of war, sealing the American border against armed expeditions from foreign countries, and at times during the Cold War, swapping spies with the Soviet Union, and also retrieving North Carolina's copy of the Bill of Rights.[6]
Particularly in the American West, individual Deputy Marshals have been seen as legendary heroes in the face of rampant lawlessness (see Famous Marshals, below). Marshals arrested the infamous Dalton Gang in 1893, helped suppress the Pullman Strike in 1894, enforced Prohibition during the 1920s, and have protected American athletes at recent Olympic Games. Marshals protected the refugee boy Elián González before his return to Cuba in 2000, and have protected abortion clinics as required by Federal law. Since 1989, the Marshals Service has been responsible for law enforcement among U.S. personnel in Antarctica.[7]
One of the more onerous jobs the Marshals were tasked with was the recovery of fugitive slaves, as required by the Fugitive Slave Act of 1850. They were also permitted to form a posse and to deputize any person in any community to aid in the recapture of fugitive slaves. Failure to cooperate with a Marshal resulted in a $5000 fine and imprisonment, a significant penalty in those days. The Oberlin-Wellington Rescue was a celebrated fugitive-slave case involving U.S. marshals. James Batchelder was the second marshal killed in the line of duty. Batchelder, along with others, was preventing the rescue of fugitive slave Anthony Burns in Boston in 1854."
Il me semble bien que ces faits sont bien contemporains de l'ouest !